Spine
The military-intelligence end-use and end-user control architecture rests on EAR Part 744 (Control Policy: End-User and End-Use Based), specifically:
- §744.22 — Military-Intelligence End-User (MIEU) licence requirement (created January 2021)
- §744.6 — U.S.-person support prohibition for military-intelligence end-uses
- §744.3 — Rocket systems and UAV delivery controls (WMD nexus)
- §744.4 — Chemical and biological weapons end-use controls
The framework was established by BIS's January 15, 2021 interim final rule (FR Doc 2021-01879, effective March 16, 2021) and expanded to Burma on April 9, 2021.
Licensing policy: Presumption of denial for all MIEU transactions. Coverage: Any EAR-subject item, including EAR99-classified commercial goods. Geographic scope: CN, CU, IR, KP, RU, SY, VE (original); MM added April 2021.
Member actions
- 2021-01-15 BIS Military-Intelligence End-Use Controls Expansion — established the MIEU
framework, created §744.22 licence requirement, extended U.S.-person support prohibition, broadened WMD-delivery end-use language; technical correction March 17, 2021.
- 2021-04-09 BIS Military-Intelligence End-Use Controls Extended to Burma — applied same
§744.22 framework to Burmese military-intelligence entities following the February 2021 coup.