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Last amendment: Suspension extended for a further 6 months (to approximately August 2026) as EU-US trade negotiations continued; framework agreed July 2025 still not converted into a final trade agreement. on 2026-02-04.
Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1564 is adopted under Article 5 of Regulation (EU) No 654/2014, which empowers the Commission to enact commercial rebalancing measures when the EU's rights under international trade agreements are impaired by third-country measures and consultations have failed to produce a satisfactory outcome.
Scope of duties (Annexes I–XIII): Additional ad valorem customs duties are imposed on a tiered basis across product groups:
20% additional duties on US-origin steel and aluminium products, effective 7 August 2025, rebalancing the US measures that were re-applied from 12 March 2025 (Proclamation 9705/9740 re-application under the second Trump administration's Section 232 architecture).
steel and aluminium imports, effective 7 August 2025 for a first tranche and 1 December 2025 for a second tranche, directly mirroring the 25% universal rate reinstated by Proclamation 11021 on 11 February 2025.
automotive products, effective 7 September 2025, responding to Proclamation 10908 of 26 March 2025 imposing 25% tariffs on automobile imports.
Export prohibition (Annex XIV): Specified EU products (including certain dual-use-adjacent and strategically sensitive goods) are prohibited from export to the United States from 7 September 2025. This is a novel instrument in EU trade law — an affirmative export control used as a commercial-policy rebalancing tool rather than a national-security export control under Regulation (EU) 2021/821.
Repeal: CIR 2025/1564 explicitly supersedes and repeals Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/778 (the first-wave March 2025 rebalancing CIR targeting approximately €26 billion, already filed as 2025-04-14-eu-rebalancing-measures-us-steel-aluminium-reg-2025-778) and three earlier EU rebalancing CIRs dating from 2018 and 2020. The scope expansion from ~€26bn to ~€93bn reflects the addition of the automobile sector duties and the broader product coverage added in response to the wider 2025 US tariff escalation.
Suspension: On 27 July 2025, the EU and US reached a framework agreement for reciprocal, fair and balanced trade (filed as 2025-07-27-us-eu-framework-reciprocal-fair-balanced-trade). In consequence, application of CIR 2025/1564 was suspended from 5 August 2025 for 6 months by Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1727. The suspension was extended by a further 6 months from 4 February 2026 (Regulation (EU) 2025/2055). CIR 2025/1564 remains formally in force — it will automatically re-activate if the EU-US trade framework negotiations fail to produce a definitive agreement.
commercial countermeasures package — roughly 3.5× the size of the 2025/778 first wave. Its existence as a ready-to-activate instrument puts structural downside risk on EU-US trade negotiations: failure to conclude a framework agreement reinstates broad-based sectoral tariffs without new Commission legislative action.
and parts create a bilateral automotive tariff wall — the EU mirroring the US 25% Proclamation 10908 — that affects manufacturers with transatlantic production footprints (e.g., BMW South Carolina, Mercedes-Benz Alabama, Tesla exports, Ford EU sales). Until the suspension is lifted or the framework finalised, companies are exposed to headline risk of a fast reinstatement.
in EU rebalancing practice. If CIR 2025/1564 re-activates, affected EU exporters will face immediate legal prohibition on shipping listed products to the US — distinct from the price-effect of import duties, this is a physical-flow block.
(the 2025-04-14 filing) should treat that action as superseded; the operative EU rebalancing framework is now CIR 2025/1564 at the higher coverage level.
under Article 207 TFEU unilateral safeguards. That makes it faster to activate and harder for member states to veto — a structural escalation capacity distinct from the slower WTO-panel-based rebalancing track.
a definitive agreement that formally terminates CIR 2025/1564, or will the suspension be extended again or the duties reinstated?
what is its relationship to EU dual-use export controls under Reg 2021/821?
produced in the EU for US-destined vehicles — relevant to battery-supply-chain mapping?