Industrial Policy & Trade Monitor· 2678 actions· ✨ 92 recent

On 31 December 2025 the Mexican Presidency published a decree amending the 2023 basic-basket import-tariff exemption, removing at least eight staple-food categories — fresh/refrigerated/frozen beef and pork, milk and cream, dry beans, rice, soybean/sunflower/safflower/cotton oils, tilapia fillets (HS 0304.61.01) and sausages (HS 1601.00.03) — from the duty-free list effective 1 January 2026. The decree frames the move as reinforcing Plan México's food self-sufficiency goals (Plan de Autosuficiencia en Frijol, a 2030 domestic-dairy production target) by disincentivizing imports of products with growing domestic production capacity. Transition relief lets basic-basket importers with contracts signed before 31 December 2025 keep the exemption through 31 March 2026, and other registered importers through 31 March 2027, subject to SAT contract filing deadlines.

On 31 December 2025 Mexico's Secretaría de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural (SADER) published the Acuerdo setting the Reglas de Operación (operating rules) of the "Fertilizantes para el Bienestar" programme for fiscal year 2026 in the Diario Oficial de la Federación. The programme's budget rises to MXN 18.2 billion for 2026, up from MXN 17.5 billion in 2025 (+4%), and continues direct in-kind fertilizer distribution to small-scale producers of priority staple crops (corn, beans, rice) prioritizing women, Indigenous communities, and producers in the country's most marginalized rural municipalities. Global Trade Alert classifies the programme as carrying both a production-subsidy and a local-content-requirement component, effective 1 January through 31 December 2026.

Decree reforming various tariff fractions of the General Import and Export Duties Tariff (TIGIE), published in the Diario Oficial de la Federación on 29 December 2025 and in force 1 January 2026. The reform, approved by Congress as a statutory amendment to the LIGIE (Chamber of Deputies and Senate, Dec 2025) and signed by President Claudia Sheinbaum, raises MFN import duties to between 5% and 50% ad valorem on 1,463 tariff lines covering more than 20 chapters of the TIGIE, spanning automotive, auto parts, textiles, apparel, footwear, steel, aluminum, plastics, paper, leather, furniture, glass, toys, appliances and cosmetics. The increases apply only to goods originating in countries without a free trade agreement with Mexico — principally China, South Korea, India, Vietnam, Thailand, Brazil, Indonesia, Chinese Taipei, the UAE, and South Africa. The decree formalises at statutory level the September 2024 Sheinbaum executive order placing a 50% duty on finished passenger vehicles from non-FTA states and is framed by the Secretaría de Economía and SHCP as the operational tariff instrument of Plan México (2025-01-21).

On 10 November 2025 the Mexican government published a decree in the Diario Oficial de la Federación (DOF) modifying the Tarifa de la Ley de los Impuestos Generales de Importación y de Exportación (LIGIE) to raise most-favoured-nation import tariffs on sugar and sugar-derivative products (raw, refined, liquid and invert sugar, and related high-sugar-content goods across roughly eight six-digit tariff subheadings) to between 156% and 210.44% ad valorem, replacing the prior specific-duty regime of USD 0.33–0.39 per kilogram. The decree entered into force 11 November 2025, the day after publication, and applies to imports from WTO members that lack a preferential trade agreement with Mexico. The Secretaría de Economía framed the increase as protection for the domestic sugarcane agro-industry against a national oversupply and falling international reference prices.

Mexico's tax authority (SAT), acting under SHCP, published the Cuarta Resolución de Modificaciones a las Reglas Generales de Comercio Exterior para 2025 in the Diario Oficial de la Federación on 28 July 2025, raising the flat tax rate applied under the simplified customs regime for low-value courier and parcel shipments (goods valued at USD 2,500 or less) from 19% to 33.5%, effective 15 August 2025. The increase applies to shipments from countries without a free trade agreement with Mexico — in practice overwhelmingly China-origin goods — and is aimed at cross-border e-commerce platforms (Shein, Temu, AliExpress) as well as triangulated goods routed through courier channels by other importers including large retailers. The measure is framed by SHCP as combating under-invoicing and non-tariff-preference triangulation via the courier de minimis channel.

On 5 July 2025, Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum inaugurated the Villa de Reyes combined-cycle power plant in San Luis Potosí, a USD 350 million public investment financed and operated by state-owned utility Comisión Federal de Electricidad (CFE). The plant is designed to generate approximately 3,500 MWh/year, serving over 2.4 million households, and is framed by the government as part of a broader federal plan to add 26,000 MW of generation capacity during the current administration. The disclosure functions as state aid to CFE's domestic generation portfolio and was flagged by Global Trade Alert as a state-aid intervention.

On 26 June 2025, the Governing Board of Mexico's National Banking and Securities Commission (CNBV), invoking Article 129 of the Ley de Instituciones de Crédito, decreed the temporary managerial intervention of CI Banco, S.A. and Intercam Banco, S.A., replacing their administrative bodies and legal representatives. The measure came one day after the US Treasury's FinCEN designated both institutions (along with Vector Casa de Bolsa) as foreign financial institutions of primary money-laundering concern tied to opioid-trafficking networks, and prohibited certain US fund transmittals to them. CNBV/SHCP framed the intervention as a depositor- and creditor-protection measure to safeguard the two banks' operations against the fallout of the US action; Vector Casa de Bolsa was not included in the CNBV intervention.

On 22 May 2025, Mexico published a decree in the Diario Oficial de la Federación (DOF) granting fiscal incentives to companies that begin operations within newly designated "Polos de Desarrollo Económico para el Bienestar" (PODECOBI) — Economic Development Poles for Welfare. The decree grants a 100% immediate deduction of the original investment amount in new fixed assets, plus an additional 25% deduction for incremental training and innovation expenses, for taxpayers operating in the poles through fiscal year 2030. The Ministry of Economy designates and administers the poles, with a cross-secretarial promotion committee overseeing site selection; 14 zones spanning Campeche, Chihuahua, Durango, Estado de México, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Michoacán, Puebla, Quintana Roo, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala and Veracruz are active as of mid-2025. The measure operationalises the "Plan México" nearshoring strategy by concentrating incentives in specific geographic zones rather than applying them nationwide.

Mexico's Secretaría de Economía (SE), through UPCI, published a Resolución Preliminar in the Diario Oficial de la Federación on 26 February 2026 imposing a provisional anti-dumping duty on imports of dinnerware and loose ceramic dinnerware pieces, including porcelain, originating from China (tariff fractions 6911.10.01 and 6912.00.99, TIGIE). The duty is a reference-price mechanism: imports priced below USD 2.58/kg pay the difference between the import price and the reference price, capped at each exporter's individual dumping margin. The measure reopens a case originally dating to 2012, after Mexico's federal administrative courts (TFJA) nullified the 2014 original duty and its 2019 extension on procedural grounds; SE published the resolution reinitiating the investigation on 15 May 2025. In a related but separate proceeding, SE also published a resolution on 25 February 2026 formally closing out the sunset/validity review of the now-annulled 2014 duty (previously USD 2.61/kg).

On 21 January 2025, Mexico published the Decree granting tax incentives in support of the national strategy known as "Plan Mexico" in the Diario Oficial de la Federación (DOF). The decree provides MXN 30 billion (~USD 1.5 billion) in fiscal incentives through 2030 to attract nearshoring investment, with MXN 28.5 billion allocated to immediate deductions on new fixed asset investments and MXN 1.5 billion for workforce training and innovation. Deduction rates range from 35% to 91% depending on asset type and sector, with the automotive, aerospace, and semiconductor industries expected to benefit most. The measure aims to capitalize on US-China decoupling by positioning Mexico as an alternative manufacturing base for supply chains serving the North American market.