Industrial Policy & Trade Monitor· 2662 actions· ✨ 89 recent

Brazil's Secretariat of Foreign Trade (SECEX) opened a formal antidumping investigation via Circular nº 51 (3 July 2026, published Diário Oficial da União 6 July 2026) into imports of welded circular-section carbon-steel pipes for fluid conduction (outer diameter 14"-48", NCM 7305.11/12/19/31/39 and 7306.19/30) from China, following a petition by Confab Industrial S.A. (a Tenaris subsidiary). The dumping-evidence period runs July 2024-June 2025 and the injury-analysis period July 2020-June 2025. DECOM explicitly finds that market-economy conditions do not prevail in China's producing segment, citing state-owned-enterprise dominance, five-year plans and "China's decisive contribution to global steel overcapacity." No preliminary dumping margin is disclosed at this initiation stage.

On 23–24 June 2026 Brazil's GECEX published Resolução nº 920/2026 (23 June) and companion Resolução nº 923/2026 (24 June) in the Diário Oficial da União, extending for up to five years the definitive antidumping duty on imports of ceramic foam filters (filtros cerâmicos; NCM 6903.90.91 and 6903.90.99) originating in China. The extension follows a DECOM end-of-period (sunset) review initiated on a petition by domestic producer Foseco Industrial e Comercial Ltda, which found that dumping and material injury to the Brazilian industry would likely continue or recur if the measure lapsed. The two resolutions address the same product and case (nº 920 is the primary extension; nº 923 is the companion resolution covering scope/related-party aspects), and are treated here as a single filing.

Brazil's Foreign Trade Chamber Executive Committee (GECEX/CAMEX) extended for up to five years the definitive antidumping duty on imports of glass used in refrigeration appliances ("vidros para refrigeradores" / cooling-appliance glass) originating from the People's Republic of China, publishing Resolução GECEX nº 921/2026 in the Diário Oficial da União on 23 June 2026. The extension follows a DECOM sunset review (revisão de final de período) that concluded dumping and material injury to the Brazilian domestic glass-for-appliances industry would likely continue or recur if the measure were allowed to lapse. The action re-prices a China→Brazil component flow into the domestic white-goods and refrigeration-appliance manufacturing chain.

Brazil's GECEX (237th ordinary meeting, 28 May 2026) imposed definitive anti-dumping duties for up to five years on imports of textured polyester filament yarns (fios de poliéster texturizados) originating from China. The resolution simultaneously suspends the collection of the duty under a public-interest exception, opening a formal public-interest evaluation process; the duty is therefore on the books but not currently collected. The measure concludes a new investigation launched in July 2024 by DECOM at the request of Abrafas (Brazilian Association of Artificial and Synthetic Fibre Products), itself initiated because the predecessor measure (GECEX nº 385/2022) expired in August 2024 after its five-year term.

Brazil's Foreign Trade Chamber Executive Committee (GECEX/CAMEX) published Resolução nº 892 on 7 May 2026 (DOU 8 May 2026), modifying the definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of metallic magnesium in crude forms (magnésio metálico em formas brutas, NCM 8104.11.00 and 8104.19.00) originating in China — originally imposed by Resolução GECEX nº 253 of 24 September 2021. The modification converts the duty collection mechanism to a specific tariff fixed in US dollars per kilogram (alíquota específica fixada em dólares estadunidenses por quilograma), based on Parecer SEI nº 258/2026/MDIC, and was deliberated at GECEX's 236th Ordinary Meeting on 30 April 2026. China accounts for approximately 85% of global primary magnesium production; magnesium is designated a critical material under both CRMA Annex I and the USGS Critical Minerals List, serving as an essential input to aluminium alloys for automotive and aerospace lightweighting and to steel desulphurisation. This resolution is a NEW action on the IPTM register — the original 2021 AD measure (GECEX nº 253) was not previously filed — capturing the current in-force duty alteration as the operative instrument.

Brazil's Secretariat of Foreign Trade (SECEX) issued Circular nº 33 on 29 April 2026, confirming a preliminary affirmative determination of dumping and material injury to the Brazilian domestic industry in imports of hot-rolled stainless steel flat products (thickness 2–50.8 mm, coils and sheets, NCM 7219 and 7220 headings) from China, India and Indonesia. Preliminary dumping margins are 50.1% (China), 25.3% (Indonesia) and 17.9% (India). Despite the affirmative finding, DECOM exercised discretion not to impose provisional anti-dumping duties at this stage, citing case complexity, the three-origin scope and the volume of submitted information; the final determination is scheduled for 25 November 2026.

Brazil's Foreign Trade Chamber Executive Committee (GECEX/CAMEX) imposed a five-year definitive antidumping duty on imports of ethanolamines (monoethanolamine and diethanolamine, NCM 2922.11.00 and 2922.12.00) originating from China, adopted at the 235th Ordinary GECEX meeting on 26 March 2026 and published in the Diário Oficial da União on 6 April 2026. Duty rates range from 23.6% (Sailboat Petrochemical, the sole cooperating exporter with an individual rate) to 97.3% (residual rate applying to all other Chinese exporters), protecting Oxiteno SA (Indorama Ventures subsidiary), the sole Brazilian producer, against material injury from dumped Chinese imports.

Brazil's Secretariat of Foreign Trade (SECEX) opened a formal antidumping investigation via Circular nº 18 (12 March 2026) into imports of machined graphite electrodes (NCM 8545.11.00, diameter ≥ 350 mm) from China and India, following a petition by GrafTech Brasil Participações Ltda (subsidiary of NYSE-listed GrafTech International / EAF). DECOM's preliminary assessment found indicative dumping margins of 54.9% for Chinese-origin and 57.3% for Indian-origin electrodes. The investigation covers assembled and unassembled electrodes used in electric-arc-furnace steelmaking, ferroalloy smelting, and metal-oxide reduction. A definitive antidumping duty of up to five years may result if DECOM confirms material injury and issues a positive final determination.

Brazil's Câmara de Comércio Exterior (Gecex) published Resolução 857 in the Diário Oficial da União on 23 February 2026, reducing definitive anti-dumping duties on non-oriented electrical steel (aço GNO, NCM 7225.19.00 and 7226.19.00) originating in China, South Korea, Chinese Taipei and Germany. The measure follows a public-interest evaluation (avaliação de interesse público) concluded by SECEX/DECOM, which found that applying the full investigation-recommended duty level would create steel supply shortfalls and net welfare losses of approximately US$2.19 million, given that sole domestic producer Aperam South America cannot meet total Brazilian demand. New specific duties — US$90/ton for major named Asian producers, US$132.50/ton for other Asian exporters, and US$166.32/ton for German producers — are set below the DECOM recommendation and remain in force for the remainder of the 5-year window established by Gecex 758 of 10 July 2025 (expiring ~July 2030).

Brazil's Foreign Trade Chamber Executive Committee (GECEX/CAMEX) adopted Resolução GECEX nº 855 on 13 February 2026, imposing a five-year definitive antidumping duty on hypodermic needles (agulhas hipodérmicas) originating from China, classified under NCM tariff code 9018.32.19 (other tubular metal needles). The duty is collected as a specific tariff fixed in US dollars per thousand units, with rates ranging from USD 0.23 to USD 25.57/thousand units depending on the Chinese producer/exporter. The measure was published in the Diário Oficial da União (DOU Edição 32) on 18 February 2026, enters into force from publication, and marks the first medical-device trade-remedy action on the IPTM register. Scope exclusions cover insulin needles, biopsy needles, animal insemination needles, anesthesia needles, bulk non-sterile needles, and non-hypodermic needles.

Brazil's Foreign Trade Chamber Executive Committee (GECEX/CAMEX) imposed a five-year definitive antidumping duty on imports of flat-rolled carbon steel products galvanized (by electrolytic or other process, except corrugated) or aluminium-coated — including aluminium-zinc and other metal-alloy coatings — originating in China, classified under fifteen NCM subheadings spanning 7210.30, 7210.49, 7210.61, 7210.69, 7212.20, 7212.30, 7225.91, 7225.92, 7225.99, and 7226.99. The resolution was adopted at GECEX's 234th ordinary meeting on 13 February 2026 and entered into force upon publication in the Diário Oficial da União (Edição 32) on 18 February 2026. Duties are applied as a specific tariff in USD per metric tonne, with individual rates for cooperating Chinese exporters and a residual rate for non-cooperating producers.

Brazil's Foreign Trade Chamber Executive Committee (GECEX/CAMEX) adopted Resolução GECEX nº 854 on 12 February 2026, imposing a five-year definitive antidumping duty on cold-rolled flat carbon steel products originating from China, covering 14 NCM tariff headings under subheadings 7209.xx, 7211.xx, 7225.50.90, and 7226.92.00. The duty is collected as a specific tariff fixed in US dollars per metric tonne, following a Usiminas petition of 23 April 2024 alleging material injury to the domestic flat-steel industry from Chinese dumping. The measure was published in the Diário Oficial da União on 13 February 2026 (Edição 31, Seção 1, Pág. 5) and republished on 18 February 2026 (Edição 32) to correct errors in the Article 1 tariff table.

On 29 January 2026, Brazil's Gecex executive committee (Câmara de Comércio Exterior) approved Resolução nº 847, published in the Diário Oficial da União on 30 January 2026, amending Annex IX of the base tariff-nomenclature resolution (Gecex nº 272/2021). The measure raises the import duty on "other polyesters, in liquid or paste forms" (NCM 3907.99.91) to 20%, effective 2 February 2026 through 1 February 2027, while carving out two polyester-amine and sulfonated-polyester sub-lines under the same NCM code at a reduced 12.6% rate for the same window. It also opens a 1,500-tonne tariff-rate quota at 12.6% for a specific styrene-butadiene block copolymer grade (NCM 3903.90.90, Ex 002), valid 3 February–16 October 2026. Global Trade Alert lists Belgium, China and Germany among the principal affected trading partners.

Brazil's Foreign Trade Chamber Executive Committee (GECEX/CAMEX) imposed a five-year definitive antidumping duty on imports of pre-painted flat-rolled carbon steel products (coated on one or both faces with paint or varnish, supplied in coils, rolls or sheets; commonly called "aço pré-pintado") originating in China and India, classified under NCM codes 7210.70.10, 7210.70.20 (width ≥600 mm) and 7212.40.10, 7212.40.21, 7212.40.29 (width <600 mm). The measure was adopted at the 233rd extraordinary GECEX meeting on 30 January 2026 chaired by MDIC Minister Geraldo Alckmin and entered into force upon publication in the Diário Oficial da União (Edição 22, Seção 1, Pág. 1) on 2 February 2026. This is the first definitive AD imposition of 2026 in Brazil's accelerating defensive posture against Chinese and Indian steel overcapacity in downstream processed categories.

On 15 January 2026, Brazil's Gecex executive committee (Câmara de Comércio Exterior) published Resolução nº 845, amending Annex IX of the base tariff-nomenclature resolution (Gecex nº 272/2021) to temporarily raise import duties above the Mercosur Common External Tariff on eight NCM product lines. Affected products include sodium pyrophosphate and ammonium carbonate (17.5%), propylene glycol, expandable polystyrene and polymethyl methacrylate (20%), sorbitol (20%, with a 12.6% carve-out for a specific food/pharma-grade aqueous solution), and wood screws (25%). The increases took effect 19 January 2026 and expire 18 January 2027, a one-year window functioning as a safeguard-style protection for domestic chemical, plastics and fastener producers.

Brazil's Câmara de Comércio Exterior (Gecex) approved Resolução nº 846, de 15 de janeiro de 2026, amending Annexes IV and V of the base tariff-nomenclature resolution (Gecex nº 272/2021) to modify import tariffs and tariff-rate quotas (TRQs) on 15 products, effective 21 January 2026. The resolution establishes ten new temporary duty-free TRQs for products including atrazine (NCM 2933.69.13, quota reduced) and liquid food preparations (NCM 2106.x), reduces the in-quota volume for two existing TRQ lines, and raises the import tariff on three chemical products — acetic acid, acrylonitrile, and a third L-series primary chemical — reverting them from preferential to standard Mercosur Common External Tariff (TEC) treatment. The measure is a routine periodic tariff-schedule maintenance action in the same recurring Gecex 272/2021 TRQ-housekeeping series as Resoluções 799/2025, 815/2025, 821/2025 and 844/2025, rather than a trade-remedy or policy-driven restriction.

Brazil's Câmara de Comércio Exterior (Gecex) approved Resolução nº 844, de 30 de dezembro de 2025, amending Annexes IV and V of the base tariff-nomenclature resolution (Gecex nº 272/2021) to modify import tariff-rate quotas (TRQs) and duties on 15 products, effective 1 January 2026. The resolution establishes new duty-free (0%) TRQs for 11 product categories — including nutritional supplements (30 metric tons/year), animal-feed additives, contact lenses (a combined 40.375 million units/year across two NCM headings), electrical cable connectors, and glass ampoules — while removing existing duty-free quota treatment for four products (a thermal-control polyethylene film, a rubber sanitary/contraceptive item under NCM 4014.10.00, an anhydrous sodium-compound chemical under NCM 2836.20.10, and one further excluded product), whose duty reverts from 0% to the standard Mercosur Common External Tariff (TEC) rate. The measure is a routine periodic tariff-schedule maintenance action rather than a trade-remedy or policy-driven restriction.

Brazil's Câmara de Comércio Exterior (Gecex) approved Resolução nº 843, de 23 de dezembro de 2025, adding six glass and compressor products (across five NCM tariff lines) to Annex IX of the base tariff-nomenclature resolution (Gecex nº 272/2021) — the standing list of temporary import-tariff increases Brazil applies to individual NCM lines to counter import surges linked to trade imbalances from the international economic conjuncture. Annex IX additions carry the measure's tariff to Brazil's WTO-bound ceiling rate (35% for most non-capital-goods lines) for a fixed term; Global Trade Alert records this listing's validity as 26 December 2025 to 25 December 2026 (a 12-month term consistent with the mechanism's standard cycle). Global Trade Alert names Algeria, China and Czechia as the principal supplying countries affected.

Brazil's Câmara de Comércio Exterior (Gecex) approved Resolução nº 829/2025 at its 232nd ordinary meeting on 18 December 2025, imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty of USD 47.46 per kilogram on imports of single-mode optical fibres (core diameter < 11 micrometres; NCM 9001.10.11) originating in China for a period of up to five years effective from DOU publication on 22 December 2025. The measure concludes a SECEX/DECOM investigation opened in August 2024 on petition by Prysmian Cabos e Sistemas do Brasil S/A and Furukawa Electric Latam / Lightera (collectively the entire domestic production base), which found material injury caused by dumped Chinese imports that supplied over 70% of the Brazilian market during the period of investigation. Industry associations Telcomp, Abramulti, Feninfra, and Abrint publicly criticised the measure, estimating a 170% increase in imported-fibre costs with downstream implications for Brazilian broadband roll-out economics.

Brazil's Câmara de Comércio Exterior (Gecex) approved Resolução nº 837/2025 at its 232nd ordinary meeting on 18 December 2025, imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty of USD 2.42 per kilogram on imports of optical-fibre cables with or without connectorisation (NCM 8544.70.10) originating in China for a period of up to five years effective from DOU publication on 22 December 2025. Uniquely, the duty was set below the DECOM-recommended rate on explicit public-interest grounds under Decreto 8.058/2013, with MDIC citing downstream telecom-infrastructure cost-pass-through risk as justification for the moderation — making this a rare procedural outcome distinct from straight DECOM-rate adoption. Industry associations Abrint, Feninfra, Telcomp, and Abramulti publicly criticised the measure nonetheless, estimating a 50% increase in imported cable costs with material implications for Brazilian broadband rollout economics; Abrint formally requested reconsideration in January 2026.

Brazil's Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MCTI) and its financing arm FINEP opened a non-reimbursable economic-subsidy call of up to R$60 million (~USD 11 million), funded by the National Fund for Scientific and Technological Development (FNDCT), to finance Brazilian companies developing a low-cost small tractor (15-18hp) plus at least six compatible agricultural implements for family farming. The formal edital ("Seleção Pública MCTI/FINEP/FNDCT — Desafios Tecnológicos para Agricultura Familiar") was published 23 December 2025 with a submission deadline of 3 March 2026; funded projects must donate completed technology packages to farmer cooperatives. The programme is a domestic R&D/production-support subsidy rather than a border instrument, but it directs public financing toward import-substituting domestic tractor manufacturing.

Brazil's Câmara de Comércio Exterior (Gecex) approved Resolução nº 815, de 3 de novembro de 2025, amending Annex IV of the base tariff-nomenclature resolution (Gecex nº 272/2021) under the Mercosur supply-shortage tariff-reduction mechanism (Mercosur CMC Resolution nº 49/19). The resolution establishes five new duty-free (0%) temporary import tariff-rate quotas — DHA nutritional preparation (80 metric tons/year), rubber gasket/retainer parts (6,250 kg/year), linen yarn (240 metric tons/year), ballistic steel plate (400 metric tons/year) and loudspeakers (5 million units/year) — valid 7 November 2025 to 6 November 2026, while removing an existing duty-free quota for monocalcium phosphate (NCM 2835.26.00), reverting that line to the standard Mercosur Common External Tariff rate.

Brazil's Foreign Trade Executive Committee (GECEX/CAMEX) imposed a definitive anti-dumping duty for up to five years on imports of rutile-type titanium dioxide (TiO2) pigments classified under NCM 3206.11.10 (minimum 80% TiO2 content) originating in China, via Resolução GECEX nº 802 signed 23 October 2025 and published in the Diário Oficial da União on 24 October 2025. The duty is levied as a specific tariff ranging from USD 1,148.72 to USD 1,267.74 per metric tonne depending on the identified Chinese producer/exporter. A subsequent public-interest review (Circular SECEX nº 21/2026) was opened in March 2026 and could suspend or modify the measure if a public-interest finding is made.

Brazil's Foreign Trade Chamber executive committee (GECEX) issued Resolution No. 782 on 28 August 2025, published in the Diário Oficial da União on 29 August 2025, revoking six Ex-Tarifário reduced-duty exemptions across two tariff regimes. One capital-goods line (NCM 8479.89.99, Ex 919, under Annex I of Resolution 322/2022) and five IT/telecommunications-classified solar-module lines (NCM 8541.43.00, Ex 154, 996, 997, 998 and 999, covering heterojunction/HJT photovoltaic modules under Annex II of Resolution 323/2022) lose their duty relief and revert to Brazil's standard Mercosur Common External Tariff rate. The resolution took effect 60 days after publication (28 October 2025), earlier than the exemptions' original scheduled expiry of 31 December 2025. Global Trade Alert classifies the measure as a "Red" (trade-restrictive) import-tariff intervention.

Brazil's Câmara de Comércio Exterior executive committee (Gecex) approved Resolução nº 779, de 28 de agosto de 2025, amending Annex V of the base tariff-nomenclature resolution (Gecex nº 272/2021). The resolution opens a new one-year, 25,000-tonne tariff-rate quota at a reduced 3.6% duty for chromium sulfate powder (NCM 2833.29.60), adds two natural-rubber lines (TSNR and granulated/pressed rubber, NCM 4001.22.00 / 4001.29.20) to the reduced-tariff annex at 10.8% with no volume cap, and simultaneously removes three antibiotic active-ingredient import lines — piperacillin/ tazobactam, ceftazidime, and meropenem (NCM 3004.10.19, 3004.20.59, 3004.20.99) — from the same reduced-tariff annex, reverting them to the standard (higher) MFN duty.

Brazil's Foreign Trade Chamber (GECEX/CAMEX) imposed a five-year definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of carbon-steel metal sheets with thickness below 0.5 mm (alloy or non-alloy, any width; tin-plate, chromium-oxide-coated, and related surface finishes; NCMs 7210.12.00, 7210.50.00, 7212.10.00, 7212.50.90) originating in China. The measure was approved at the 228th ordinary GECEX meeting on 27 August 2025, signed on 28 August 2025, and entered into force upon DOU publication on 29 August 2025. Duties are levied as specific tariffs in USD per metric tonne, ranging from USD 284.34/mt (Baoshan/Wisco-Nippon) to USD 499.35/mt for the residual category, and run through approximately 28 August 2030, subject to sunset review.

Brazil's Foreign Trade Executive Committee (GECEX/CAMEX) imposed definitive anti-dumping duties for up to five years on imports of synthetic polyester fibres (NCM 5503.20.90) from China, India, Thailand, and Vietnam, following a petition filed by ABRAFAS (Brazilian Association of Artificial and Synthetic Fibre Producers) in October 2023 and a six-month provisional measure (Resolução Gecex 653/2024) applied from October 2024. Duties are levied as specific tariffs in USD per metric tonne: China residual USD 390.94/t (Zhejiang Hengyi group USD 74.98/t), India USD 194.69/t, Thailand USD 171.21/t, Vietnam USD 297.95/t. Two named exporters — Zhongthai Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd. (Thailand) and Vietnam New Century Polyester Fibre Co., Ltd. (Vietnam) — are explicitly excluded from the measure.

Brazil's Câmara de Comércio Exterior executive committee (Gecex) approved Resolução nº 772, de 25 de julho de 2025, amending Annex IX of the base tariff-nomenclature resolution (Gecex nº 272/2021). The resolution extends a temporary import-duty increase on 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (NCM 2916.12.40), raising the rate from 0% to 10.8% ad valorem, valid 29 July 2025 through 28 July 2026. Belgium, China and Germany are GTA-flagged as the top historical suppliers of this product line to Brazil.

Brazil's Câmara de Comércio Exterior (Gecex) approved Resolução nº 756, de 7 de julho de 2025, amending Annexes V, VI and X of the base tariff-nomenclature resolution (Gecex nº 272/2021, the instrument that adapted Brazil's Common Mercosur Nomenclature/Common External Tariff schedule to the 2022 Harmonized System revision). The amendment changes import tariffs and tariff-rate quotas for a narrow set of product lines including airport fire-fighting vehicles (NCM 8705.30.00), sterile saline flush and elevator guide rails, with a companion Portaria Secex nº 410/2025 setting the quota-allocation criteria. Global Trade Alert flags China, Germany and Italy as the principal affected trading partners.

Brazil's Foreign Trade Chamber executive committee (GECEX) issued Resolution No. 748, signed 3 July 2025 and published in the Diário Oficial da União on 4 July 2025, revoking Ex-Tarifário (temporary import-duty exemption) status for 7 tariff-line codes previously granted duty-free treatment under the regime: 5 capital-goods lines, 1 information-technology/telecommunications line, and 1 automotive product classified as capital goods. The affected lines revert from 0% Ex-Tarifário rates to their standard MFN import duty. The change took effect 4 August 2025, one month after publication. Global Trade Alert flags Canada, China and Czechia among the trading partners most exposed by historical trade volume in the affected computing-machinery lines and classifies the measure "Red" (trade-restrictive).

Brazil's Câmara de Comércio Exterior (Gecex) approved Resolução nº 736, de 28 de maio de 2025, published in the Diário Oficial da União (Edição 100, 29 May 2025, Seção 1, página 7), amending Annexes II, V and VI of the base tariff-nomenclature resolution (Gecex nº 272/2021). The measure raises the import tariff on wind turbines (NCM 8502.31.00) and modifies an existing tariff-rate quota, while also adjusting duty treatment for x-ray machines and other product lines under the same annexes. It took effect 1 January 2026. Global Trade Alert identifies China and the United States as the principal trading partners affected based on historical import-origin patterns for the covered lines.

Brazil's Foreign Trade Chamber executive committee (GECEX) issued Resolution No. 727, signed 20 May 2025, amending Annex I of Resolution No. 323 (4 April 2022) to modify import duties on 21 information- technology and telecommunications tariff lines. Twenty of the lines have their import duty temporarily eliminated (reduced to zero) and one line has its duty increased, effective 28 May 2025. The duty elimination on the 20 lines is temporary, with a stated revocation (reversion) date of 31 December 2025. Global Trade Alert classifies the measure "Red" and flags China, Germany and Indonesia among the trading partners most exposed by historical trade volume in the affected lines.

Resolução Gecex/Camex nº 532, deliberated 10 November 2023 and published in the Diário Oficial da União on 22-23 November 2023, re-establishes Brazilian import duties on battery-electric (BEV), plug-in hybrid (PHEV) and hybrid (HEV) passenger vehicles under NCM chapter 8703 after a multi-year zero-tariff exemption. Tariffs phase up on a progressive schedule beginning January 2024 and reaching a uniform 35 % by July 2026 (BEV: 10 %→18 %→25 %→35 %; PHEV: 12 %→20 %→28 %→35 %; HEV: 15 %→25 %→30 %→35 %). The resolution also opens transitional tariff-rate quotas (TRQs) — roughly USD 660 million of EV/hybrid imports plus USD 39 million of electric trucks may enter at zero duty across the 2024-2026 phase-in window — and is operationalised by Portaria SECEX nº 291/2023, which sets the quota allocation rules. The measure is the first re-tariffing of Brazil's auto sector against Chinese EV/hybrid exports since the Inovar-Auto regime ended in 2017.