Industrial Policy & Trade Monitor· 2666 actions· ✨ 90 recent

On 29 January 2026, Brazil's Gecex executive committee (Câmara de Comércio Exterior) approved Resolução nº 847, published in the Diário Oficial da União on 30 January 2026, amending Annex IX of the base tariff-nomenclature resolution (Gecex nº 272/2021). The measure raises the import duty on "other polyesters, in liquid or paste forms" (NCM 3907.99.91) to 20%, effective 2 February 2026 through 1 February 2027, while carving out two polyester-amine and sulfonated-polyester sub-lines under the same NCM code at a reduced 12.6% rate for the same window. It also opens a 1,500-tonne tariff-rate quota at 12.6% for a specific styrene-butadiene block copolymer grade (NCM 3903.90.90, Ex 002), valid 3 February–16 October 2026. Global Trade Alert lists Belgium, China and Germany among the principal affected trading partners.

On 15 January 2026, Brazil's Gecex executive committee (Câmara de Comércio Exterior) published Resolução nº 845, amending Annex IX of the base tariff-nomenclature resolution (Gecex nº 272/2021) to temporarily raise import duties above the Mercosur Common External Tariff on eight NCM product lines. Affected products include sodium pyrophosphate and ammonium carbonate (17.5%), propylene glycol, expandable polystyrene and polymethyl methacrylate (20%), sorbitol (20%, with a 12.6% carve-out for a specific food/pharma-grade aqueous solution), and wood screws (25%). The increases took effect 19 January 2026 and expire 18 January 2027, a one-year window functioning as a safeguard-style protection for domestic chemical, plastics and fastener producers.

Brazil's Foreign Trade Chamber executive committee (GECEX) issued Resolution No. 811 on 23 October 2025, published in the Diário Oficial da União on 24 October 2025, revoking six "Ex-tarifário" temporary import-duty-reduction concessions — five under the capital-goods Ex-tarifário regime (GECEX Resolution 322/2022) and one under the IT/telecommunications-equipment regime (GECEX Resolution 323/2022). The revocation takes effect 60 days after publication (24 December 2025), after which imports under the affected NCM/Ex lines revert to the standard Mercosur Common External Tariff rate rather than the reduced Ex-tarifário rate. Global Trade Alert flags Austria, Belgium and Canada as affected trading partners and classifies the measure as a "Red" (trade-restrictive) import-tariff intervention.

Brazil's Foreign Trade Chamber executive committee (GECEX) issued Resolution No. 808 on 23 October 2025, published in the Diário Oficial da União on 24 October 2025, amending Annex I of the base Ex-Tarifário capital-goods regime (GECEX Resolution 322/2022) and the Single Annex of GECEX Resolution 780/2025. The resolution grants new temporary duty exemptions on 3 capital-goods products while removing exemptions on 437 products across 149 six-digit NCM tariff headings, reverting the latter to Brazil's standard Mercosur Common External Tariff (TEC) rate. The change took effect 31 October 2025. Global Trade Alert classifies the measure as a "Red" (trade-restrictive) import-tariff intervention given the net effect is duty relief withdrawn on a much larger set of lines than it grants.

Brazil's Foreign Trade Chamber executive committee (GECEX) issued Resolution No. 809 on 23 October 2025, published in the Diário Oficial da União on 24 October 2025, amending Annex I of the base IT and telecommunications-goods Ex-Tarifário regime (GECEX Resolution 323/2022) and the Single Annex of GECEX Resolution 781/2025. The resolution moves NCM tariff lines between the two annexes: items excluded from Annex I revert to Brazil's standard Mercosur Common External Tariff (TEC) rate, while items added to the 781/2025 Single Annex retain the reduced 0% Ex-tarifário rate. Global Trade Alert's intervention-level coding splits the rebalancing into a liberalising leg (116 products losing duty) and a restrictive leg (103 products across 26 six-digit NCM headings reverting to standard duty), while a Brazilian legal database separately estimates roughly 139 total Annex I line items affected (NCM range 8443.32.99– 9032.90.99), plus one item (NCM 8543.70.99, Ex 375, digital audio mixers) with updated technical specifications. The change took effect 31 October 2025, seven days after publication.

Brazil's Foreign Trade Chamber executive committee (GECEX) issued Resolution No. 794 on 25 September 2025, published in the Diário Oficial da União on 26 September 2025, revoking Ex-Tarifário duty exemptions on six specific tariff-line items spanning three prior ex-tarifário annexes: one Information Technology/Telecommunications line (NCM 9032.89.82, Ex 043, under Resolução Gecex 323/2022), and five Capital Goods lines covering mining-boring machinery (NCM 8430.41.20, Ex 015/025/050, under Resolução Gecex 311/2022), machine-tools for stone/ceramics working (NCM 8464.10.00, Ex 059), industrial washing/cleaning machinery parts (NCM 8450.90.10, Ex 029/032/033) and refrigeration-equipment parts (NCM 8418.99.00, Ex 048) (all under Resolução Gecex 322/2022). The affected lines revert from the reduced Ex-Tarifário rate (typically 0%) to Brazil's standard Mercosur Common External Tariff (TEC) rate, effective 60 days after publication (25 November 2025) — the date Global Trade Alert records as implementation.

Brazil's Foreign Trade Chamber executive committee (GECEX) issued Resolution No. 795 on 25 September 2025, published in the Diário Oficial da União on 26 September 2025, amending the "Lista de Autopeças Não Produzidas" (List of Non-Produced Auto Parts) under the Regime de Autopeças Não Produzidas established by Resolução Gecex nº 284/2021. The resolution removes two tariff-line exemptions (NCM 8501.53.10 Ex 017 and NCM 8507.60.00 Ex 042) and adds 78 new Ex-Tarifário lines covering hybrid/EV electric motors, lithium-ion battery-system components, ARLA32 supply systems, suspension and steering parts, transmission/differential components, electronic control units (ECUs), and body/structural panels — items for which Brazil certifies no equivalent domestic production exists, qualifying them for reduced import-duty treatment. Effective seven days after publication (3 October 2025), the newly added lines carry a defined two-year validity window through 30 September 2027 — the first time GECEX has attached a sunset date to auto-parts Ex-Tarifário grants, a procedural tightening relative to the open-ended grants issued under prior resolutions in this series.

Brazil's Foreign Trade Chamber executive committee (GECEX) issued Resolution No. 783 on 28 August 2025, published in the Diário Oficial da União on 29 August 2025, amending the "Lista de Autopeças Não Produzidas" (List of Non-Produced Auto Parts) under Resolução Gecex/Camex nº 284/2021. The resolution removed 59 tariff-line exemptions across 33 six-digit NCM subheadings (largely rubber-based auto components such as tyres, tubes, and other rubber semi-manufactures) from the Ex-Tarifário reduced-duty regime, reverting those lines to Brazil's standard Mercosur Common External Tariff rate. In the same instrument GECEX separately added 533 products across 122 subheadings to the reduced-duty list; this filing covers only the duty-increasing revocation component, which Global Trade Alert classifies as a "Red" (trade-restrictive) intervention. The resolution took effect seven days after publication (5 September 2025).

Brazil's Foreign Trade Chamber executive committee (GECEX) issued Resolution No. 768, dated 25 July 2025 and published in the Diário Oficial da União on 28 July 2025, amending the single annex of Resolução Gecex nº 311/2022 — the Ex-Tarifário regime that grants temporary reduced (typically 0%) import-duty rates on trucks, trailers/semi-trailers, motorised chassis, bodies/cabins, road tractors, and agricultural/self-propelled road machinery tariff lines for which no equivalent domestic production exists. The amendment took effect 4 August 2025. Global Trade Alert classifies the measure as a "Red" (trade-restrictive/discriminatory) import- tariff intervention, consistent with its treatment of GECEX's narrow, discretionary Ex-Tarifário product-line grants as favouring specific importers rather than liberalising trade economy-wide.

On 27 July 2025, President Trump and European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen reached political agreement at Turnberry, Scotland, on a Framework Agreement on Reciprocal, Fair and Balanced Trade. The framework was formalised in a Joint Statement published on 21 August 2025 by the White House and DG TRADE. The deal establishes a 15% all-inclusive (MFN + Section 232) US tariff ceiling on the vast majority of EU originating goods — including autos, pharmaceuticals, semiconductors, lumber, and chemicals — replacing the threatened 20-30% reciprocal tariff trajectory under EO 14257 (April 2025). Steel and aluminium are excluded from the 15% ceiling and remain at the 50% Section 232 rate pending negotiation of a quota solution. In return, the EU commits to: (i) eliminate tariffs on all US industrial goods, (ii) preferential market access for a wide range of US agricultural and seafood products, (iii) suspension of its rebalancing countermeasures under Reg 2025/778 (suspension effective 7 August 2025), (iv) expected energy offtake of $750bn (LNG, oil, nuclear) through 2028, (v) at least $40bn in US AI chip purchases, and (vi) facilitation of $600bn in additional EU corporate investment into the US through 2028. Effective from 1 September 2025, the US applies MFN-only treatment (no 15% top-up) to: aircraft and parts, generic pharmaceuticals and ingredients, chemical precursors, cork, and certain unavailable natural resources. The framework is not legally binding but anchors the bilateral architecture; it is the largest-economy ART-programme deal alongside US-UK, US-Japan, US-Korea, US-Taiwan, and US-Indonesia.

Brazil's Câmara de Comércio Exterior executive committee (Gecex) approved Resolução nº 772, de 25 de julho de 2025, amending Annex IX of the base tariff-nomenclature resolution (Gecex nº 272/2021). The resolution extends a temporary import-duty increase on 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (NCM 2916.12.40), raising the rate from 0% to 10.8% ad valorem, valid 29 July 2025 through 28 July 2026. Belgium, China and Germany are GTA-flagged as the top historical suppliers of this product line to Brazil.

Brazil's Foreign Trade Chamber executive committee (GECEX) issued Resolution No. 745, dated 3 July 2025 and published in the Diário Oficial da União on 4 July 2025 (Edition 124, Section 1, page 38), amending Annex I of Resolução Gecex nº 322/2022 — the Ex-Tarifário regime granting temporary duty reductions (typically to 0%) on capital- goods tariff lines with no equivalent domestic production. Sources describe roughly 429 ex-tarifário grants processed under the amendment (a mix of new and republished duty-free codes), alongside a smaller set of exclusions/revocations from the annex; the duty-free grants carry a temporary revocation date of 31 December 2025. The amendment took effect 11 July 2025 (seven days after publication). Global Trade Alert classifies the measure as a "Red" (trade-restrictive/ discriminatory) import-tariff intervention, consistent with its treatment of GECEX's narrow, discretionary Ex-Tarifário product-line grants as favouring specific importers rather than liberalising trade economy-wide.

Brazil's Foreign Trade Chamber executive committee (GECEX) issued Resolution No. 746, dated 3 July 2025 and published in the Diário Oficial da União on 4 July 2025, amending Annex I of Resolução Gecex nº 323/2022 — the Ex-Tarifário regime for information-technology and telecommunications-goods tariff lines. The amendment excludes a set of existing duty-free Ex-Tarifário codes from the annex (reverting those lines to the standard MFN import duty) while including new codes granting temporary duty relief (typically to 0%) on lines with no equivalent domestic production; Global Trade Alert's tracking of the underlying state act counts 27 IT/telecom product lines affected in total, split between roughly 22 new/renewed duty-free grants (revoking 31 December 2025 absent renewal) and 5 exclusions reverting to standard duty. The amendment took effect 11 July 2025, seven days after publication. GTA classifies the measure "Red" (trade- restrictive/discriminatory), consistent with its treatment of GECEX's narrow, discretionary Ex-Tarifário product-line grants as favouring specific importers rather than liberalising trade economy- wide.

Brazil's Foreign Trade Chamber executive committee (GECEX) issued Resolution No. 750, dated 3 July 2025 and published in the Diário Oficial da União on 4 July 2025, amending the "Lista de Autopeças Não Produzidas" (List of Non-Produced Auto Parts) under Resolução Gecex/Camex nº 284/2021. The resolution excluded 532 tariff-line/ ex-number combinations from Annex I and 33 from Annex II — reverting those lines (concentrated in rubber-based auto components such as tyres, tubes, and other rubber semi-manufactures) to Brazil's standard Mercosur Common External Tariff rate — while adding 284 new duty-reduction-eligible codes across Annexes III and IV. The amendment took effect seven days after publication (11 July 2025). Global Trade Alert classifies the measure as a "Red" (trade- restrictive) import-tariff intervention on the basis of its net duty-increasing exclusions.

Brazil's Foreign Trade Chamber executive committee (GECEX) issued Resolution No. 726, signed 20 May 2025 and published in the Diário Oficial da União on 21 May 2025, amending the Annex I tariff schedule set by Resolution Gecex No. 322 (4 April 2022). The measure eliminates import duties (reducing to 0%) on 256 capital-goods items spanning 107 six-digit NCM tariff codes, and raises import duties on 9 capital-goods items across 9 six-digit NCM codes, for a combined 274 affected tariff lines. The changes took effect 28 May 2025, one week after publication. Global Trade Alert classifies the measure "Red" (trade-restrictive) overall and flags Austria, Belgium and Canada among the trading partners most exposed by historical trade volume in the affected pumps, compressors, industrial-oven and furnace, and lifting/handling equipment lines.

Brazil's Foreign Trade Chamber executive committee (GECEX) issued Resolution No. 730, signed 20 May 2025 and published in the Diário Oficial da União on 21 May 2025, removing 125 tariff-line codes from Ex-Tarifário (temporary import-duty exemption) coverage: 104 capital goods lines, 18 information-technology/telecommunications lines, and 3 automotive products classified as capital goods. The affected lines revert from preferential Ex-Tarifário rates to their standard MFN import duty, effective 20 July 2025, two months after publication. Global Trade Alert classifies the measure "Red" (trade-restrictive) and flags Austria, Belgium and Bulgaria among the trading partners most exposed by historical trade volume in the affected computing- machinery, special-purpose machinery and electric-motor lines.

President Trump signed Proclamation 10908 "Adjusting Imports of Automobiles and Automobile Parts Into the United States" on 26 March 2025, invoking Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962 to impose a 25% ad valorem tariff on imports of finished passenger vehicles and light trucks effective 12:01 a.m. EDT on 3 April 2025, with the duty extended to key automobile parts (engines and engine parts, transmissions and powertrain components, electrical components) effective 12:01 a.m. EDT on 3 May 2025. USMCA-origin automobiles receive an interim deduction equal to the value of US-origin content; USMCA-origin parts that satisfy the agreement's rules of origin are temporarily exempt from the parts duty pending a Commerce-administered process. The proclamation is the first Section 232 instrument applied to finished automobiles in US history and the largest-by-trade-volume Section 232 measure of the second Trump administration, covering roughly USD 460 billion of annual auto and auto-parts imports.

President Trump signed two Presidential Proclamations on 11 February 2025 reinstating a universal 25% ad-valorem tariff on all steel-mill products and raising the aluminum tariff from 10% to 25% on all imports into the United States, effective 12 March 2025. The proclamations revoked every bilateral exclusion and quota arrangement negotiated by the Biden administration with the EU, UK, Japan, Korea, Australia, and others under the 2021-2022 "alternative measures" frameworks, returning all trading partners to the baseline Section 232 rate without product-level or country-level carve-outs.