Industrial Policy & Trade Monitor· 2662 actions· ✨ 89 recent

On 9 December 2025, China's Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM) and General Administration of Customs jointly issued Announcement No. 79 of 2025, reinstating an export-licence management system for ~300 HS-coded steel products effective 1 January 2026. Exporters must obtain a per-contract licence supported by a manufacturer-issued product quality inspection certificate; licences are issued by MOFCOM (for centrally-administered SOEs) and provincial / sub-provincial commerce departments. The regime is the first reinstatement of Chinese steel-export licensing in 16 years (since 2009) and applies the export-licensing instrument — previously used for critical minerals and dual-use goods — to a non-critical bulk commodity for the first time.

The Chongqing Municipal Government General Office issued Notice 渝府办发〔2025〕59号 on 2025-12-06, promulgating an "Implementation Plan for Strengthening Fiscal-Financial Linkage to Support High-Quality Economic Development." The plan builds a three-tier (municipal-district-enterprise) government financing-guarantee system, capping average guarantee fees below 1% and prioritising small/micro enterprises and "three-rural" (agriculture, rural areas, farmers) borrowers. It layers in specialised guarantee products across five priority financial verticals: science and technology innovation (innovation-point loans, flow loans, linked loans), green finance (carbon-reduction and transition loans), inclusive finance (emergency bridge loans, government-procurement financing), elder-care services, and manufacturing (technology- renovation guarantees, supply-chain finance products).

The Asian Development Bank signed a USD 50 million (approximately CNY 353.63 million) green loan with Shouguang Luli Wood Inc, a subsidiary of China's Luli Group and one of the country's largest oriented strand board (OSB) producers, to finance construction of a new OSB factory, associated facilities, and a captive biomass power plant in Jiangxi Province, plus working capital. Global Trade Alert logs the transaction as a "red" (certainly harmful) state-linked lending-support intervention on the standard grounds that below-market multilateral development-bank financing to a named commercial producer competing internationally is a potential trade- and competition-distorting subsidy. ADB frames the project around circular-economy forestry: the OSB furnish is sourced from wood waste, branches, and smallholder-grown fast-rotation timber (~10% bamboo) rather than old-growth timber, with production waste fuelling the on-site biomass plant.

On 25 November 2025 China's National Space Administration (CNSA) released a two-year action plan — covering 2025 through 2027 — setting out 22 key measures to formalise and accelerate the development of China's commercial space sector. The plan transitions commercial space policy from a "nurturing" phase (subsidy-pull, loosely regulated) to a "standards-pull / high-quality development" phase, opening national aerospace R&D programmes and launch-infrastructure slots to private operators, establishing a national commercial space development fund, directing government procurement toward commercial launch vehicles and satellites, and unifying previously fragmented provincial regulatory standards. The plan structurally mirrors NASA's COTS/Commercial Crew model and sets commercial operators on course to expand China's ~18% private-firm share of an estimated US$15bn-per-year domestic launch market toward the 2027 horizon aligned with the 15th Five-Year Plan.

On 24 November 2025, six Beijing municipal departments — the Bureau of Economy and Information Technology, Development and Reform Commission, Science and Technology Commission, Health Commission, Drug Administration and Medical Insurance Bureau — jointly issued Notice 京经信发〔2025〕50号 ("Several Measures to Promote High-Quality Development of the Beijing Medical Device Industry"), effective immediately through 31 December 2028. The 15-measure package subsidises the full medical-device value chain: early-stage innovation (up to RMB 1m per project), product approval/launch (up to RMB 2m per product, RMB 10m annual enterprise cap), industrial-park and public-service infrastructure construction (up to 50% of investment, capped at RMB 50m), supply-chain-resilience R&D for critical components/materials (up to 30% of investment, capped at RMB 30m), AI-diagnostic-model development (up to RMB 30m), smart-factory digitalisation (up to 30% of investment, capped at RMB 30m per project), and international regulatory approval/market entry (up to RMB 1m per product, RMB 3m annual cap; up to RMB 10m for introducing overseas products to China).

The Chongqing Municipal Government General Office issued Notice 渝府办发〔2025〕58号 on 2025-11-22, promulgating "Several Policy Measures to Promote High-Quality Development of the Low-Altitude Economy," effective immediately through 2027-12-31. The package comprises eight capped-percentage subsidy tracks covering low-altitude public-service procurement, logistics route operating subsidies (up to RMB 150,000 per route), demonstration projects (up to RMB 20 million), test-flight infrastructure (20% of investment, capped at RMB 5 million), manufacturing R&D and first-of-kind equipment support (up to 30% of receipts, capped at RMB 5 million), national innovation/manufacturing centres (up to RMB 20 million), ground-station infrastructure (20% of investment, capped at RMB 10 million), private-equity fund-manager incentives (1% of invested capital, capped at RMB 10 million cumulative), and AI-compute subsidies (20% of service cost, up to RMB 1 million/year). Global Trade Alert classifies all eight interventions as state aid with a "certainly harmful" (Red) rating.

The Beijing Tongzhou District People's Government issued Notice 通政发〔2025〕9号 on 20 November 2025 ("Several Measures for Accelerating High-Quality Industrial Development in Beijing City's Sub-Center (Revised)"), effective immediately and superseding the prior-year version (通政发〔2024〕8号). The package subsidises industrial incubation platforms, R&D and university-enterprise innovation collaboration, revitalisation of existing factory space, smart-manufacturing/"lighthouse factory" digital transformation, national/provincial lab recognition, and private-equity fund management, alongside talent, green-finance and application-scenario testing support. Global Trade Alert logged the underlying state act (95773) as seven separate "state aid, unspecified" interventions.

China Development Bank announced a CNY 30 billion (~USD 4.2bn) special loan facility dedicated to the China-Europe Railway Express (中欧班列), financing construction of corridor, port and logistics-hub infrastructure plus working-capital support for enterprises operating the service. The scheme was unveiled at the Second China-Europe Railway Express International Cooperation Forum in Xi'an, alongside a matching CNY 30bn facility from the Export-Import Bank of China. CDB's Jiangsu, Henan and Shaanxi branches signed initial project-financing agreements with Lianyungang Port Holding Group, Henan International Logistics Hub Construction and Operation Co., and Xi'an International Port Group respectively.

On 12 November 2025 Beijing's Dongcheng District (via the Zhongguancun Science Park Dongcheng Zone Management Committee and the district Science and Technology Commission) issued Notice 东城园文〔2025〕12号, "Several Measures of Beijing Dongcheng District on Promoting Science and Technology Innovation Development," effective 12 December 2025 through 31 December 2028. The package tiers cash grants by milestone: up to RMB 100,000 for first-time high-tech-enterprise certification, RMB 1 million for first-to-market new technology/products, RMB 10 million for incubator and specialised industrial-park upgrades, and up to RMB 30 million for "chain-leader" enterprises or innovation-driving market entities judged to have significant regional radiating/spillover effect. Eligible sectors span new-generation information technology, cultural technology, pharmaceuticals and health, intelligent manufacturing, new materials, and green energy/environmental protection.

The Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area (BDA, also known as Yizhuang) Management Committee issued Notice 京技管发〔2025〕25号 ("Several Measures to Accelerate the High-Quality Development of Industrial Finance"), effective 11 November 2025 through 31 December 2028. It renews and supersedes the prior version (京技管发〔2024〕33号, issued 24 December 2024) of the same "industrial finance 20 measures" (产业金融二十条) program. The package subsidises the district's finance-for-industry ecosystem: newly licensed financial institutions receive capital-scaled grants (e.g. RMB 5 million + 1% of paid-in capital for institutions with RMB 100-300 million in capital, rising in tiers to a cap of RMB 60 million for larger institutions); branch-office openings receive RMB 2-4 million one-off grants; venture-capital fund managers receive rewards of 2-4% of capital deployed (capped at RMB 500,000/project); leasing and factoring firms with RMB 500 million+ capital receive 0.5% landing bonuses (capped at RMB 25 million); and tech-credit "risk compensation funds" reimburse partner banks for small/micro-enterprise loan losses. State media reporting on the program's prior iteration cited a maximum single-policy-item award of RMB 80 million. Global Trade Alert logged the underlying state act (95362) as a single "state aid, unspecified" intervention (150867).

On 10 November 2025, China's Ministry of Commerce and four other departments issued Announcement No. 73 of 2025, adjusting the "Catalogue of Precursor Chemicals for Export to Specific Countries (Regions)" and adding the United States, Canada and Mexico to the "Specific Countries (Regions) Directory" under the Interim Provisions on the Management of Exports of Precursor Chemicals to Specific Countries (Regions). Exporters must now apply for a license before shipping 13 newly listed categories of precursor chemicals (used in illicit fentanyl and other synthetic-drug manufacture) to these three countries; exports of the same chemicals to other destinations remain unrestricted. The measure took effect the same day it was announced.

China's Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM) and General Administration of Customs (GAC) issued Announcement No. 72 (2025) on November 9, 2025, suspending Article 2 of Announcement No. 46 (2024) — the provision that had imposed a categorical export ban on gallium, germanium, antimony, superhard materials, and graphite dual-use items destined for the United States. The suspension is valid until November 27, 2026, reverting these exports to China's standard dual-use licensing framework for that period. Article 1 of Announcement No. 46 — prohibiting re-exports to US military end-users regardless of routing — remains fully in force. The measure followed bilateral US-China trade consultations and signals a conditional de-escalation window within China's established critical-minerals counter-strike posture.

China's Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM) and General Administration of Customs (GAC) issued Announcement No. 70 (2025) on November 7, 2025, suspending for one year the package of rare-earth export-control measures announced on October 9, 2025 (Announcements Nos. 55, 56, 57, 58, 61, 62). The suspended measures include the licensing regime on medium- and heavy-rare-earth elements, rare-earth processing equipment and technologies, lithium-battery and synthetic-graphite anode materials, superhard materials, and — most significantly — the extraterritorial "0.1% content" rule of Announcement No. 61 that asserted licence jurisdiction over foreign-made products containing Chinese-origin controlled rare earths. The gazette text fixes the window explicitly: "自即日起至2026年11月10日" (from the date of issue until November 10, 2026). This is the rare-earth leg of the post-Busan US-China truce; the dual-use leg (gallium, germanium, antimony, graphite) was suspended two days later by the separate Announcement No. 72 (2025), which runs to November 27, 2026. The two instruments create a two-step expiry cliff in November 2026.

The General Office of the Fujian Provincial People's Government issued Min Zheng Ban [2025] No. 30, "Several Measures to Promote the Development of the Artificial Intelligence Industry and Empowerment Applications in Fujian Province," on 2025-11-04. The notice implements the national "AI+" initiative at provincial level via three quantified subsidy tracks: a talent-recruitment supplement of RMB 200,000/year per person for AI engineers registered on a provincial core-engineer roster; a compute subsidy covering up to 50% of annual cloud/compute-service spend (capped at RMB 500,000 per firm) for companies purchasing at least RMB 100,000 of computing services per year; and a one-time capital subsidy of up to 50% of build cost (capped at RMB 5,000,000) for qualifying AI innovation platforms. The measure is in force through 2028-12-31 (per GTA state-act revocation date) and is one of a wave of province- and city-level AI industrial-policy notices issued across China in late 2025.

The Chongqing Municipal People's Government General Office issued "Several Measures for Chongqing's Full-Chain Support of High-Quality Innovative Drug Development" (Yu Fu Ban Fa [2025] No. 56) on 2025-11-01, a 25-point package of regulatory-fast-track and procurement-support measures for the municipal biopharma sector. It targets 1-3 newly approved innovative drugs per year through 2027 (10 total) and the cultivation of 3 pharmaceutical-innovation industrial complexes, 3 high-level innovation platforms, and 3 innovative-drug industry clusters. No direct subsidy or tax-incentive amount is disclosed in the published text — the package is operational (compressed clinical-trial and registration timelines, guaranteed hospital procurement) rather than a cash grant.

The Beijing Fengtai District Science and Technology and Information Bureau issued Fengkexinfa [2025] No. 7, "Several Measures to Support AI Science and Technology Innovation and Industrial Innovation Integration and Development in Fengtai District," on 2025-10-30. The notice bundles ten categories of subsidy for AI enterprises operating in the district, covering compute-purchase cost-sharing (20% up to RMB 2,000,000 for general AI firms, 30% up to RMB 3,000,000 for "industrial intelligence" firms), large-model development grants (up to RMB 500,000-600,000), dataset/data-asset subsidies (RMB 100,000-2,000,000), platform and incubator capex (up to RMB 5,000,000 and RMB 10,000,000 respectively), and fund-manager and talent-recruitment support. The measure is in force through 2028-12-31.

MOFCOM Announcement No. 69 of 2025 (商务部公告2025年第69号), issued 29 October 2025 by the Ministry of Commerce's Foreign Trade Division, sets China's total 2026-calendar-year export quotas for seven quota-managed goods: licorice and licorice products (5.2 million kg), artificially cultivated medicinal ephedra (1.0289 million kg), sawn timber (150,000 cubic metres), cattail and cattail products (16 million kg), and — specifically for the Hong Kong and Macao markets — live pigs (160.54 million head), live cattle (22,000 head) and live chickens for Hong Kong (3 million birds). Export traders apply to MOFCOM (via provincial commerce departments) for quota certificates, which are then presented to customs for export permits; licorice and cattail quotas are allocated by competitive bidding, the rest by application. The application window ran 1-15 November 2025, with MOFCOM allocating quotas to qualified applicants by 15 December 2025.

MOFCOM Announcement No. 68 of 2025 (商务部公告2025年第68号), issued on 26 October 2025, sets the application requirements and procedures for state-owned trading enterprises (STEs) authorised to export tungsten, antimony and silver during the 2026-2027 cycle. The notice formalises a quota review and joint-approval gate operated through the Key Export Supervision Catalog under MOFCOM's foreign-trade STE authority — distinct from the Export Control Law dual-use regime used in Announcement No. 10 of February 2025. Silver is added for the first time to the STE-managed list, framed by MOFCOM as defence of strategic supply for defence, electronics and photovoltaics. Approved-exporter lists were published in a follow-on review-results notice; the new regime applies to export shipments dated 1 January 2026 onwards.

The Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission and the Zhongguancun Science Park Management Committee, jointly with two other municipal departments, issued "Several Measures on Supporting the Construction of the Beijing Future Digital Space Innovation Pilot Zone" on 2025-10-23 (publicly posted 2025-10-27). The "2+3+5" package of ten measures subsidizes frontier-technology demonstration scenarios (up to 30% of certified investment, capped at RMB 10,000,000), original game and digital-content production (RMB 300,000-2,000,000 per award-winning title), key laboratories (up to RMB 5,000,000/year operating funds plus rent discounts on up to 4,000 sqm, for up to 3 years), industry-chain innovation consortia (up to RMB 20,000,000/year, RMB 50,000,000 over 3 years), and incubators (up to RMB 20,000,000 over 3 years), alongside seed/angel/Series-A co-investment minimums via an industry fund. The pilot zone is anchored on the former Shougang steelworks north campus (core area) and the Jin'anqiao AI large-model industry cluster (innovation-coordination area), both in Beijing's Shijingshan district.

Five Tianhe District (Guangzhou) government bureaus jointly issued Notice 穗天发改规字〔2025〕3号 on 2025-10-16, promulgating "Several Policy Measures to Accelerate High-Quality Development of the Low-Altitude Economy and Aerospace in Tianhe District," effective 30 days after publication (2025-11-19) through 2027-12-31. The package caps district-scale subsidy tracks covering industrial-park and professional-building recognition (up to RMB 1 million per operator), core-technology R&D grants (up to RMB 1 million/year, scaled by enterprise revenue band), airworthiness-certification support (up to RMB 2 million per enterprise/year), low-altitude logistics and eVTOL route operating subsidies (up to RMB 3 million annual pools each), talent incentives (RMB 100,000/person/year, capped at a RMB 10 million pool), vocational training, and insurance support. Global Trade Alert classifies the measure as state aid with a "certainly harmful" (Red) rating.

China's Ministry of Finance, General Administration of Customs and State Taxation Administration jointly issued Announcement 2025 No. 10, restructuring VAT refund support across the power-generation sector effective 1 November 2025. Offshore wind power producers gain a new 50% immediate VAT refund running through 31 December 2027, while the prior immediate-refund policy for onshore wind power (in force since 2015 under Cai Shui [2015] No. 74) is repealed outright. Nuclear plants approved but not yet commercially operating as of 31 October 2025 receive a 50% collected-then-refunded VAT rebate for ten years from first commercial operation, but nuclear projects approved after 1 November 2025 receive no VAT refund at all. The measure reallocates state fiscal support within China's power sector toward offshore wind and legacy-pipeline nuclear capacity while withdrawing it from onshore wind and future nuclear approvals.

The Guangzhou Huadu District government (Guangdong Province) issued "Several Measures to Promote the High-Quality Development of the Aviation Industry" (Huafu Ban Gui [2025] No. 9), effective from the date of issuance through 31 December 2027. The measures are framed around Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport's role in stabilizing domestic and international supply chains, and combine per-flight/passenger-throughput cash rewards for air carriers, a discounted land-transfer floor price (70% of appraised market value) for qualifying aviation-industry projects, R&D support for sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) producers, and inclusion of aviation-sector workers in the district's high-level talent programme. Global Trade Alert classifies the underlying interventions (production subsidies and unspecified state aid) as "certainly harmful" (Red).

China's Ministry of Transport (Water Transport Bureau, document 交办水〔2025〕59号), acting under the PRC International Maritime Transport Regulations, issued a measure on 10 October 2025 imposing escalating special port service fees on U.S.-linked vessels calling at Chinese ports from 14 October 2025. Fees apply at the first Chinese port of call per voyage to (i) U.S.-owned, (ii) U.S.-operated, (iii) ≥25% U.S.-equity, (iv) U.S.-flagged, or (v) U.S.-built vessels, charged per net ton on a stepped schedule (¥400/NT from 14 Oct 2025, ¥640/NT from 17 Apr 2026, ¥880/NT from 17 Apr 2027, ¥1,120/NT from 17 Apr 2028) and capped at five voyages per vessel per year. The measure is the first MOT-issued trade-remedy instrument in the IPTM register and the direct, named-target mirror response to USTR's 17 April 2025 Section 301 maritime Notice of Action. Both regimes were mutually suspended for one year from 10 November 2025 through 9 November 2026 following the 30 October 2025 Trump-Xi Busan meeting.

China's Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM) and General Administration of Customs (GAC) jointly issued Announcement No. 58 of 2025 on 9 October 2025, adding high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries (cells and packs, >=300 Wh/kg), artificial graphite anode materials, related production equipment, and key manufacturing technologies to the dual-use export control list under licence requirement. The controls were scheduled to take effect 8 November 2025 but were suspended the day before via Announcement No. 70 (2025), which deferred entry-into-force until 10 November 2026 in the context of the US-China Busan economic-trade arrangement. Controls remain legislatively adopted and will become operative unless the suspension is renewed or withdrawn.

China's Ministry of Commerce on 9 October 2025 issued Announcements No. 61 and No. 62, jointly constituting the largest single architectural escalation of PRC export controls to date. No. 61 expands the controlled rare-earth list from 7 to 12 of 17 elements (adding holmium, erbium, thulium, europium, ytterbium) and — for the first time — imposes extraterritorial application via a 0.1% de-minimis rule, a foreign-direct-product (FDP) rule, and a 50%-affiliate rule, directly mirroring US BIS architecture. No. 62 places rare-earth extraction, smelting, separation, magnet manufacturing, and recycling technologies (including IP licensing, investment, and provision to foreign persons) under export licensing. PRC-direct exports were controlled from publication; the de-minimis and FDP offshore-items provisions were due to take effect 1 December 2025. On 7 November 2025 MOFCOM Announcement No. 70 suspended both measures until 10 November 2026 as part of the post-APEC Trump-Xi tariff detente — see amendments block.

China's Unreliable Entity List Working Mechanism, led by MOFCOM, issued Announcement [2025] No. 10 on 9 October 2025 designating 14 foreign entities — Dedrone by Axon Inc., DZYNE Technologies Incorporated, Elbit Systems of America LLC, Epirus Inc., AeroVironment Inc., Exelis Inc., Alliant Techsystems Operations LLC, BAE Systems Inc., Teledyne FLIR LLC, VSE Corporation, Cubic Global Defense, Recorded Future Inc., the Halifax International Security Forum, and TechInsights Inc. (with nine named subsidiaries) — for engaging in military-technical cooperation with Taiwan, harmful statements concerning China, and assisting foreign governments in suppressing Chinese enterprises. The measures (i) prohibit the listed entities from China-related import-export activity, (ii) ban new investment in Chinese territory, and (iii) for the first time under the UEL framework explicitly prohibit Chinese organisations and individuals from transmitting data or providing sensitive information to the listed entities. Issued the same day as MOFCOM/GAC Announcements No. 61/62 extending rare-earth export controls extraterritorially under a 0.1% de minimis content rule, the package marks the first UEL deployment targeting counter-drone original equipment manufacturers and the first to introduce a data-transmission restriction.

On 9 October 2025 the Shandong Provincial People's Government General Office issued Notice 鲁政办字〔2025〕129号, promulgating "Several Measures to Accelerate High-Quality Development of Shandong's Commercial Aerospace Industry," effective on issuance through 31 December 2027. The package targets three sub-sectors — launch vehicles, satellite manufacturing/applications, and aerospace supporting industries — with a province-wide goal of reaching an annual production capacity of 100 commercial rocket launches and 150 commercial satellites, and a commercial-aerospace industry scale of RMB 50 billion (500亿元), by 2027. Concrete subsidy instruments include a sea-launch insurance rebate (up to 35% of "launch insurance" and "third-party liability insurance" premiums, capped at RMB 3 million per project) for operators launching from the Yantai Dongfang Aerospace Port sea-launch platform, a bounty of up to RMB 1 million per product for satellite-application AI models that pass third-party evaluation, and a computing-power subsidy of up to 5% of contract value (capped at RMB 5 million per firm) for satellite applications that procure significant compute. The measures also direct Yantai to anchor sea-launch and integrated manufacturing, Jinan and Tai'an to build out rocket/satellite manufacturing and constellation operations, and Qingdao to specialise in satellite-application clusters and Belt-and-Road-facing services.

China's National Development and Reform Commission announced a new-type policy-based financial instrument worth CNY 500 billion (~USD 70.3 billion), to be used entirely to replenish capital for infrastructure and industrial projects. Funds are channeled through China Development Bank, the Export-Import Bank of China and the Agricultural Development Bank of China, targeting digital economy, AI, consumption-related infrastructure and urban renewal (transport, energy, underground utility upgrades). By mid-October 2025, China Development Bank and the Agricultural Development Bank had disbursed a combined ~CNY 300 billion, coordinated with the Ministry of Finance and People's Bank of China, with NDRC citing over 2,300 supported projects and roughly CNY 7 trillion in projected total investment leveraged.

China's Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Commerce jointly issued Cai Jian [2025] No. 342 ("Notice on Developing International Consumption Environment Construction Work") on 2025-09-28, launching a two-year central-fiscal subsidy scheme for roughly 15 pilot cities competitively selected to build "internationalised consumption environments." Designated international consumption center cities receive RMB 200 million each over two years; other selected pilot cities receive RMB 100 million each. Funds are earmarked for accommodation, catering/food service, retail, inbound tourism, duty-free, sports and cultural-tourism venues, targeting improved service quality and product supply for inbound visitors and foreign merchants. Provincial commerce and finance departments were required to submit implementation plans by 2025-10-24.

China's Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Commerce jointly issued Cai Jian [2025] No. 341 ("Notice on Conducting Pilot Work for New Consumption Business Forms, Models, and Scenarios") on 2025-09-28, a sibling scheme to the same-day international consumption environment notice (Cai Jian [2025] No. 342). Roughly 50 prefecture-level-and-above cities will be selected, prioritising large, high-growth metros, for a two-year central-fiscal subsidy covering three focus areas: "first-launch economy" services (debut centres/platforms for new fashion, electronics, cosmetics and automotive product launches), AI/metaverse-enabled service consumption scenarios in culture, tourism, health and sport, and cross-sector IP-branded themed stores and concept spaces. Super-large/mega cities receive RMB 400 million each, large cities RMB 300 million each, and other selected cities RMB 200 million each, disbursed in two batches.

China's State Council General Office issued Guobanfa [2025] No. 34 ("Notice on Implementing Domestic Product Standards and Related Policies in Government Procurement") on 28 September 2025, effective 1 January 2026. The notice applies a 20% price deduction to domestic-product bids when evaluating government procurement tenders; suppliers whose domestic-content cost share reaches 80% or more of total product cost get the deduction applied to their entire quoted price rather than only the domestic-content portion. Coverage is economy-wide across the government's Goods Classification Directory (Global Trade Alert separately tagged natural/man-made textile fibres and yarn under this measure), with narrow carve-outs for real estate, cultural relics, agricultural/forestry/fishery products, minerals, utilities, and food/tobacco raw materials. The Ministry of Finance published implementing guidance (Caiku [2025] No. 30) shortly after.

China's State Council promulgated Order No. 818 on 28 September 2025 (effective 1 May 2026), establishing a comprehensive dual-track regulatory framework for biomedical new technologies — defined as techniques operating at the cellular or molecular level not yet clinically applied in China, covering cell therapy, gene editing, CAR-T, stem-cell, xenotransplantation, brain-computer interfaces, and nucleic-acid therapies. The regulation creates two parallel pathways: a traditional NMPA drug/device registration route and a new NHC-supervised clinical-research-to-commercialization track applicable to highly personalised or rare-disease therapies meeting staged safety and efficacy thresholds. Commercialisation under the NHC track is initially restricted to accredited Grade-3A medical institutions without full NMPA marketing approval, potentially accelerating patient access for qualifying technologies by 5–8 years relative to the standard registration pathway.

China's Ministry of Commerce, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, General Administration of Customs, and State Administration for Market Regulation jointly issued Announcement No. 54 of 2025 on 26 September 2025, imposing export licence management on pure electric passenger vehicles (HS 8703801090, motor vehicles equipped solely with an electric drive motor and bearing a VIN), effective 1 January 2026. Only vehicle manufacturers and their authorised distributors may apply, and only for their own-brand output; eligibility criteria require Category I exporters to maintain more than 50 overseas after-sales service and maintenance outlets, a minimum 20% spare-parts inventory rate, and a maximum 48-hour maintenance response time in major export markets. The measure is framed by Beijing as shifting the NEV export sector "from scale expansion to quality first" and curbing non-compliant, low-accountability export practices.

China's Ministry of Commerce issued Announcement No. 51 of 2025 on 25 September 2025, adding three US entities — Huntington Ingalls Industries, Inc. (NYSE: HII, the largest US military shipbuilder), Planate Management Group, and Global Dimensions LLC — to China's Export Control List (出口管制 管控名单), effective the same day. The listing prohibits Chinese exporters from supplying dual-use items to the three firms and requires any ongoing related export activity to cease immediately. MOFCOM cited the firms' "military-technical cooperation with China's Taiwan region" as the trigger, issued in parallel with a same-day Unreliable Entity List designation of three other US firms (Saronic Technologies, Aerkomm, Oceaneering International).

China's MOFCOM Unreliable Entity List Working Mechanism designated three US firms — Saronic Technologies, Aerkomm Inc., and Oceaneering International — on 25 September 2025, effective the same day, under Article 2 of the Provisions on the Unreliable Entity List (MOFCOM Order No. 4 of 2020) and citing the Foreign Trade Law, the National Security Law, and the Anti-Foreign Sanctions Law. MOFCOM's stated trigger is the firms' "so-called military-technical collaboration with China's Taiwan region." Measures bar the designees from China-related import/export activity and new investment in mainland China, with entry/work-permit restrictions on relevant management personnel.

On 17 September 2025 the General Office of the Shanghai Municipal People's Government issued Hufubangui [2025] No. 8, a five-year (26 September 2025 - 25 September 2030) state-aid framework to accelerate frontier-technology innovation and cultivate "future industries" across six domains — future manufacturing, future information, future materials, future energy, future space and future health. Targeted technology areas include cell and gene therapy, brain-computer interfaces, biomanufacturing, embodied intelligence (humanoid robotics/AI hardware), fourth-generation semiconductors, silicon photonics, 6G, neuromorphic computing, quantum technology, controlled nuclear fusion and regenerative medicine. Support is disbursed as tiered direct subsidies rather than tax relief, with named ceilings up to CNY 30 million per proof-of-concept/R&D platform and CNY 20 million per high-quality incubator or first-product/batch innovation award.

On 2025-09-12, Shanghai STAR Market-listed chip-equipment maker Piotech Inc. (拓荆科技, 688072.SH) disclosed a CNY 450 million (~USD 63 million) capital increase into its controlling subsidiary Piotech Jianke (Haining) Semiconductor Equipment Co., Ltd. (拓荆键科(海宁)半导体设备有限公司), which develops 3D-integration/hybrid-bonding equipment. Guotou Jixin (国投集新), a vehicle wholly owned (99.9%) by the National Integrated Circuit Industry Investment Fund Phase III ("Big Fund III"), took a 12.71% stake for roughly CNY 192 million, becoming Piotech Jianke's second-largest shareholder; Piotech's own stake fell to approximately 53.57% post-round. The round valued Piotech Jianke's pre-money equity at CNY 2.5 billion — a roughly 44x premium to its RMB 55.2 million book net-asset value as of 2024-12-31 — reflecting Big Fund III's first disclosed equity deployment since its 2024-05-24 establishment.

On 3 September 2025 the Qianhai Authority (前海管理局) issued 深前海规〔2025〕4号, "Measures to Support R&D Centre Development (Trial)", effective 13 September 2025, the first Shenzhen-district-level policy dedicated specifically to R&D centres. Qualifying R&D centres receive a one-time R&D reserve-fund grant of up to RMB 2 million (paid 40/30/30% over three years), with multinational global R&D centres eligible for an additional RMB 6 million. Centres also receive rent relief on Qianhai office space (up to two years free for MNC global R&D centres), a subsidy of up to RMB 3 million/year (20% of qualifying R&D spend), a reduced 15% corporate income tax rate, and technology-breakthrough project grants of up to RMB 30 million (open-competition projects) or RMB 100 million (feasibility-study projects) via Shenzhen's municipal key-industry R&D programme. Distinct from the broader Shenzhen Municipal Government FDI-attraction package (深府规〔2025〕10号, effective 2026-01-01, filed separately) — this is a Qianhai free-trade-zone-level scheme targeting R&D centres specifically, issued three months earlier by a different authority.

On 29 August 2025 the Pinggu District (Beijing) Science, Technology and Economic Informatization Bureau issued "Several Measures to Promote the High-Quality Development of High-End Manufacturing in Pinggu District" (平谷区促进高端制造业高质量发展若干措施), published to the district government portal on 25 September 2025 with a two-year validity period. The scheme offers manufacturers registered and operating in Pinggu a stack of output-growth, R&D, smart-factory, green-transformation, pharma/medical- device, auto-parts-supply-chain, and synthetic-biology subsidies, with per-recipient caps ranging from RMB 200,000 up to RMB 10 million for qualifying pharmaceutical/medical-device innovators.

On 29 August 2025 the Shanghai Municipal Commission of Commerce issued Notice 沪商外资〔2025〕271号 opening the 2025 annual application round for the Shanghai Multinational Corporation Regional Headquarters Development Fund, implementing the underlying scheme 沪商规〔2025〕3号 ("Measures to Support the Enhancement of Multinational Corporation Regional Headquarters," effective 1 March 2025 - 28 February 2030). The fund pays tiered one-time and multi-year cash awards, jointly financed by municipal and district fiscal budgets, to multinationals that establish or upgrade regional headquarters, global R&D centers, or corporate functions (finance, procurement, R&D) in Shanghai. Applications for the 2025 round were due 22 September 2025.

MIIT, NDRC and MNR jointly issued the Interim Measures for Total Volume Control of Rare Earth Mining and Rare Earth Smelting and Separation on August 22, 2025, the first implementing regulation under State Council Order No. 785. The measures establish annual national production ceilings (for both mining and smelting/separation), distributed directly to designated enterprises at the start of each year, and — in the most novel provision — extend quota controls to rare-earth content in imported raw materials (e.g. Myanmar concentrate, Kazakh monazite, Guinea feedstocks) for the first time. Enterprises must report monthly output against quotas to local authorities and submit the prior month's flow data to an MIIT-operated traceability platform by the 10th of each month.

The People's Bank of China announced on 2025-08-19 an additional CNY 100 billion (~USD 14 billion) in agriculture/small-business relending quota (支农支小再贷款), directing provincial branches to push financial institutions toward greater credit support for flood- and disaster-affected business entities in Beijing, Hebei, Jilin, Shandong and Gansu, with priority for micro/small enterprises, individual businesses, and agricultural and livestock operators. The facility lowers the effective cost of bank funding for the targeted borrower categories via below-market central-bank relending rather than a direct fiscal transfer.

The Hainan Provincial People's Government General Office issued "Several Policy Measures of Hainan Province for Further Supporting High-Quality Development of the Biopharmaceutical Industry" (Qiong Fu Ban [2025] No. 38) on 2025-08-14, effective 2025-09-13 for a three-year term. The package disburses provincial subsidies across the full biopharma value chain — R&D-stage grants, national centralized-procurement awards, international-certification bonuses, platform-investment reimbursement, and traditional-Chinese-medicine insurance-listing awards — leveraging Hainan Free Trade Port status to build a regional biomedical industry cluster.

The Beijing Economic-Technological Development Zone (BDA) Management Committee issued Jingjiguanfa [2025] No. 17, "Several Measures on Promoting the Innovative Development of Embodied Intelligent Robots in the Beijing Economic-Technological Development Zone," on 2025-08-12, effective immediately and in force through 2028-08-31. The package subsidizes joint-lab R&D (up to 20% of project investment, capped at RMB 5,000,000 per lab), dataset development (up to RMB 2,000,000 per enterprise), an annual RMB 100,000,000 "data voucher" pool (10% purchase subsidy, capped at RMB 1,000,000 per entity), a robot development community grant (up to RMB 30,000,000 annually), application-scenario subsidies (20-30% of cost, capped at RMB 5,000,000 per project), and a humanoid-robot sales rebate (10% of revenue, capped at 1,000 units / RMB 10,000,000 annually per company). The zone targets ten-thousand-unit annual production capacity and 100+ embodied-AI enterprises by end-2027.

The Anhui Provincial People's Government issued Wanzhengmi [2025] No. 108 (皖政秘〔2025〕108号), "Several Policies (Version 2.0) for Building a General Artificial Intelligence Industrial Innovation and Application Highland," on 2025-08-11, effective immediately and running through 2027-12-31. The package replaces and expands an October 2023 predecessor version, bundling grants, project subsidies and application-scenario support to accelerate large-model and general-AI adoption across the province's industrial base. The first 2025 disbursement batch under the scheme funded 30 of 34 submitted projects for a combined RMB 49.5831 million (approx. USD 6.9 million).

The Henan Provincial People's Government issued "Several Policy Measures to Support Enterprise Science and Technology Innovation" (河南省支持企业 科技创新若干政策措施) on 2025-08-08, effective immediately. The package runs a province-wide "unveil-and-lead" (揭榜挂帅) mechanism publishing 100+ key-technology tender projects per year, targeting 200+ core-technology breakthroughs across priority industrial chains, with per-project support of no less than RMB 10 million. It also commits to RMB 160 billion (approx. USD 22 billion) in new 2025 lending to technology enterprises via the province's manufacturing mid/long-term loan pipeline mechanism.

On 5 August 2025 the municipal government of Xianning (Hubei Province) launched the "Hubei-Xianning High-Tech Industry Regional Mother Fund" (湖北咸宁高新产业区域母基金) at a launch ceremony attended by a Hubei provincial Finance Department official and Xianning's executive vice mayor. The fund was jointly capitalised by the Hubei Provincial Government Guidance Fund, Changjiang Growth Capital, the Xianning Municipal Government Guidance Fund, Xianning Chengfa Group, and Xianning Gaotou Group at a total scale of CNY 3 billion (~USD 420 million), the first city-level regional mother fund set up under Hubei's provincial guidance-fund restructuring programme. It operates a "sub-fund + direct project investment" model and is projected to leverage CNY 15 billion in social capital toward Xianning's "5+5" modern industrial system (big health, electronic information, clean energy, and new materials, among other priority sectors). At launch it signed cooperation-intent agreements with 5 sub-funds (CNY 2 billion combined scale) and investment agreements with 5 enterprises (CNY 200 million combined).

The Henan Provincial People's Government issued "Several Policy Measures to Support the Development of the AI Industry Ecosystem" (河南省支持人工智能 产业生态发展若干政策措施, Yuzheng [2025] No. 17) on 2025-08-04, effective for three years from issuance. The package establishes a RMB 3 billion (approx. USD 420 million) AI industry investment fund alongside a suite of per-project subsidies: up to RMB 1 million for enterprises passing national generative-AI model filing, an annual RMB 50 million compute-voucher pool (capped at RMB 1 million per recipient), up to RMB 1 million per high-quality training-corpus library, and RMB 2-10 million grants for benchmark application projects, industry-empowerment centres and national-level innovation platforms.

The Henan Provincial People's Government issued Yuzheng [2025] No. 18 (豫政〔2025〕18号), "Several Policy Measures to Support Enterprises in Reducing Costs and Increasing Efficiency" (河南省支持企业降本增效若干政策 措施), on 2025-08-04, effective on issuance. The package is a horizontal, cross-sector cost-reduction bundle spanning ten cost categories: R&D subsidies of up to 30% of investment (capped at RMB 5-20 million per project depending on program), equipment-renewal loan interest subsidies and technical-transformation grants (15-20% of investment, capped at RMB 5-10 million), labor-cost relief (unemployment-insurance rate held at 1%, workers'-comp rate cut 20%, unemployment-insurance stabilization rebates of 30-60% through end-2025), financing-cost relief (RMB 160 billion 2025 lending target to tech enterprises, up to RMB 4 million in start-up guarantee loans), logistics-cost relief (toll exemptions for hydrogen trucks and 30% toll discounts for electric trucks through 2025-12-31, RMB 10,000-140,000 scrap-and-renew subsidies for aging trucks), and import/export-cost relief (tariff and quick-approval facilitation for integrated-circuit and advanced-equipment imports, up to 70% subsidy on overseas certification costs).

The Heilongjiang Provincial People's Government General Office issued Hei Zheng Ban Gui [2025] No. 5 (黑政办规〔2025〕5号), "Several Policy Measures to Support the High-Quality Development of the High-End Intelligent Agricultural Machinery Equipment Industry" (黑龙江省支持高端 智能农机装备产业高质量发展若干政策措施), on 2025-08-01, effective on issuance through 2027-12-31. The 20-measure package covers R&D subsidies, capital-expenditure grants for major projects, sales-revenue rebates, insurance-premium compensation, and loan interest subsidies for agricultural-machinery manufacturers operating in the province.